from dataclasses import dataclass, fields, MISSING
from enum import Enum
from functools import reduce
from itertools import chain
from typing import ClassVar, get_origin, Union, get_args, Mapping, Any, Sequence
from types import UnionType
from warnings import warn

JsonableDataclassArgs = {"init": True, "repr": True, "eq": True, "order": False, "frozen": True, "match_args": True,
                         "kw_only": True, "slots": True, "weakref_slot": True}

JsonableParentArgs = {"init": False, "repr": True, "eq": True, "order": False, "frozen": True, "match_args": True,
                      "kw_only": True, "slots": True, "weakref_slot": False}


@dataclass(**JsonableParentArgs)
class Jsonable(object):
    subclass_unique_attr_dict: ClassVar[dict[str, type["Jsonable"]]] = {}
    subclass_attr_set: ClassVar[set[str]] = set()

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        raise TypeError(f"{friendly_type(type(self))} is not instantiable")

    @classmethod
    def instantiable(cls):
        return "__init__" in cls.__dict__ and cls.__init__ is not Jsonable.__init__

    def __init_subclass__(cls):
        cls.subclass_attr_set = set(field.name for field in fields(cls))
        cls.subclass_unique_attr_dict = dict.fromkeys(cls.subclass_attr_set, cls) if cls.instantiable() else {}
        bases = list(cls.__bases__)
        while len(bases) > 0:
            base = bases.pop(0)
            if (hasattr(base, "subclass_attr_set") and isinstance(base.subclass_attr_set, set)
                    and hasattr(base, "subclass_unique_attr_dict") and isinstance(base.subclass_unique_attr_dict,
                                                                                  dict)):
                if hasattr(base, "instantiable") and callable(base.instantiable) and base.instantiable():
                    warn(f"Created subclass {cls} of instantiable class {base}")
                bases.extend(base.__bases__)
                deleted_classes = {cls} if cls.instantiable() else set()
                for key in cls.subclass_attr_set.intersection(base.subclass_unique_attr_dict.keys()):
                    deleted_classes.update((base.subclass_unique_attr_dict.pop(key),))
                if cls.instantiable():
                    unique_attrs = cls.subclass_attr_set.difference(base.subclass_attr_set)
                    base.subclass_unique_attr_dict.update(((key, cls) for key in unique_attrs))
                lost_classes = deleted_classes.difference(base.subclass_unique_attr_dict.values())
                if len(lost_classes) > 0:
                    lost_class_string = "/".join(friendly_type(subclass) for subclass in lost_classes)
                    warn(f'No unique attributes for {lost_class_string} in {friendly_type(base)}',
                         category=RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=5)
                base.subclass_attr_set.update(cls.subclass_attr_set)

    @classmethod
    def from_json_object_self_only(cls, value: Mapping[str, Any]):
        result = {}
        raised = []
        missing = set()
        unused = set(value.keys())
        for field in fields(cls):
            if field.name not in value:
                if field.default is MISSING and field.default_factory is MISSING:
                    missing.add(field.name)
            else:
                unused.remove(field.name)
                try:
                    result[field.name] = convert_json_to_object(value[field.name], field.type)
                except Exception as ex:
                    ex.add_note(
                        f"when deserializing value {repr(value[field.name])} ({friendly_type(type(field.name))}) "
                        f"for field {field.name} ({friendly_type(field.type)}) "
                        f"of {friendly_type(cls)}")
                    raised.append(ex)
        if len(unused) > 0:
            raised.append(ValueError(f'Unused fields {", ".join(sorted(repr(n) for n in unused))}'))
        if len(missing) > 0:
            raised.append(ValueError(f'Missing fields {", ".join(sorted(repr(n) for n in missing))}'))
        raise_exceptions(raised, for_type=cls, value=value)
        return cls(**result)

    @classmethod
    def from_json_object(cls, value: Mapping[str, Any]):
        if cls.instantiable():
            return cls.from_json_object_self_only(value)
        else:
            for key, subclass in cls.subclass_unique_attr_dict.items():
                if key in value:
                    return subclass.from_json_object_self_only(value)
            raise TypeError(
                f"No obvious subclass of {friendly_type(cls)} "
                f"(didn't find any of {', '.join(sorted(repr(key) for key in cls.subclass_unique_attr_dict.keys()))}) "
                f"for {repr(value)}")

    def to_json_object(self) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
        return dict(chain(((field.name, convert_object_to_json(getattr(self, field.name)))
                           for field in fields(self)),
                          ((key, convert_object_to_json(value))
                           for key, value in self.__dict__.items())
                          if hasattr(self, "__dict__") else tuple()))


def raise_exceptions(raised: Sequence[Exception], for_type, value) -> None:
    if len(raised) == 0:
        return
    elif len(raised) == 1:
        raised = raised[0]
        raised.add_note(f'for {friendly_type(for_type)}')
        raise raised
    else:
        raise ExceptionGroup(
            f'When deserializing {repr(value)} ({friendly_type(type(value))}) '
            f'to {friendly_type(for_type)}', raised)


class WrongTypeError(TypeError):
    def __init__(self, actual, *, for_type, expected_type):
        super().__init__(f'Wrong type {friendly_type(type(actual))} for value {repr(actual)} '
                         f'when deserializing {friendly_type(for_type)} '
                         f'- expected {friendly_type(expected_type)}')


def expected_json_type(value_type):
    if get_origin(value_type) in [Union, UnionType]:
        return reduce(lambda x, y: x | y, (expected_json_type(t) for t in get_args(value_type)))
    elif value_type in (str, int, float, bool, type(None)):
        return value_type
    elif (is_heterogeneous_tuple_type(value_type) or is_homogeneous_tuple_type(value_type)
            or get_origin(value_type) in (list, set, frozenset)):
        return list
    elif issubclass(value_type, Jsonable) or value_type is dict:
        return dict
    elif issubclass(value_type, Enum):
        return get_enum_type(value_type)
    else:
        raise TypeError(f'Cannot deserialize objects of type {friendly_type(value_type)}')


def convert_json_to_object(value, value_type):
    expect_type = expected_json_type(value_type)
    if not isinstance(value, expect_type):
        raise WrongTypeError(value, for_type=value_type, expected_type=expect_type)
    if get_origin(value_type) in [Union, UnionType]:
        raised = []
        for subtype in get_args(value_type):
            if not isinstance(value, expected_json_type(subtype)):
                continue
            try:
                return convert_json_to_object(value, subtype)
            except Exception as ex:
                raised.append(ex)
        raise_exceptions(raised, for_type=value_type, value=value)
        raise AssertionError(
            f'Unexpectedly failed to throw or return when deserializing '
            f'value {repr(value)} to {friendly_type(value_type)} - expected {friendly_type(expect_type)} '
            f'and was {friendly_type(type(value))} but still no type matched')
    elif value_type in (str, int, float, bool, type(None)):
        return value
    elif is_heterogeneous_tuple_type(value_type):
        if not isinstance(value, list):
            raise WrongTypeError(value, for_type=value_type, expected_type=list)
        item_types = get_args(value_type)
        if len(value) != len(item_types):
            raise ValueError(
                f'Wrong number of elements {len(value)} (should be {len(item_types)}) '
                f'for {repr(value)} ({friendly_type(type(value))}) '
                f'to deserialize it to {friendly_type(value_type)}')
        result = []
        raised = []
        for index, pair in enumerate(zip(value, item_types)):
            item, item_type = pair
            try:
                result.append(convert_json_to_object(item, item_type))
            except Exception as ex:
                ex.add_note(f'when deserializing element #{index}'
                            f' - {repr(item)} ({friendly_type(type(item))}) - '
                            f'to {friendly_type(item_type)}')
                raised.append(ex)
        raise_exceptions(raised, for_type=value_type, value=value)
        return value_type(result)
    elif is_homogeneous_tuple_type(value_type) or get_origin(value_type) in [set, frozenset, list]:
        if not isinstance(value, list):
            raise WrongTypeError(value, for_type=value_type, expected_type=list)
        item_type = get_args(value_type)[0]
        result = []
        raised = []
        for index, item in enumerate(value):
            try:
                result.append(convert_json_to_object(item, item_type))
            except Exception as ex:
                ex.add_note(f'when deserializing element #{index}'
                            f' - {repr(item)} ({friendly_type(type(item))}) - '
                            f'to {friendly_type(item_type)}')
                raised.append(ex)
        raise_exceptions(raised, for_type=value_type, value=value)
        return value_type(result)
    elif get_origin(value_type) is dict:
        if not isinstance(value, dict):
            raise WrongTypeError(value, for_type=value_type, expected_type=dict)
        k_type, v_type = get_args(value_type)
        result = {}
        raised = []
        for k, v in value.items():
            success = True
            converted_key, converted_value = None, None
            try:
                converted_key = convert_json_to_object(k, k_type)
            except Exception as ex:
                success = False
                ex.add_note(
                    f'while deserializing key {repr(k)} ({friendly_type(type(k))}) '
                    f'to {friendly_type(k_type)}')
                raised.append(ex)
            try:
                converted_value = convert_json_to_object(v, v_type)
            except Exception as ex:
                success = False
                ex.add_note(f'while deserializing value {repr(v)} ({friendly_type(type(v))}) '
                            f'corresponding to key {repr(k)} '
                            f'to {friendly_type(v_type)}')
                raised.append(ex)
            if success:
                result[converted_key] = converted_value
        raise_exceptions(raised, for_type=value_type, value=value)
        return dict(result)
    elif issubclass(value_type, Jsonable):
        if not isinstance(value, dict):
            raise WrongTypeError(value, for_type=value_type, expected_type=dict)
        return value_type.from_json_object(value)
    elif issubclass(value_type, Enum):
        return value_type(value)
    raise TypeError(f'Cannot deserialize objects of type {friendly_type(value_type)}')


def get_enum_type(enum_type):
    if all(isinstance(v.value, str) for v in enum_type):
        return str
    elif all(isinstance(v.value, int) for v in enum_type):
        return int
    else:
        raise TypeError(f"Enum type {friendly_type(enum_type)} is not all str or all int")


def convert_object_to_json(source):
    if (isinstance(source, int) or isinstance(source, float) or isinstance(source, str)
            or isinstance(source, bool) or isinstance(source, type(None))):
        return source
    if isinstance(source, list) or isinstance(source, tuple) or isinstance(source, set):
        return [convert_object_to_json(item) for item in source]
    if isinstance(source, dict):
        return dict((str(key), convert_object_to_json(value)) for key, value in source.items())
    if isinstance(source, Jsonable):
        return source.to_json_object()
    if isinstance(source, Enum):
        return convert_object_to_json(source.value)
    raise TypeError(f"No adapter for {friendly_type(type(source))} to deserialize it to JSON")


def is_homogeneous_tuple_type(t) -> bool:
    if get_origin(t) is not tuple:
        return False
    a = get_args(t)
    if len(a) == 2 and a[1] is ...:
        return True
    return False


def is_heterogeneous_tuple_type(t) -> bool:
    if get_origin(t) is not tuple:
        return False
    a = get_args(t)
    if len(a) != 2 or a[1] is not ...:
        return True
    return False


def friendly_type(t) -> str:
    if isinstance(t, type):
        return t.__name__
    else:
        return str(t)